Abstract: Butterfly optimization algorithm (BOA) is an excellent swarm intelligence algorithm that simulates the foraging behavior of butterfly populations, but it has such defects as poor accuracy, ...

Abstract: The butterfly optimization algorithm shows good robustness and global convergence in solving complex functions. However, there are still problems of slow search speed, poor accuracy, and ...

ABSTRACT: Multi-objective optimization remains a significant and realistic problem in engineering. A trade-off among conflicting objectives subject to equality and inequality constraints is known as ...

ABSTRACT: The growing demand for energy-efficient Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) in applications such as IoT, environmental monitoring, and smart cities has sparked exhaustive research into practical ...

Abstract: Challenge-and-response authentication requires a MAC originator and a MAC recipient to compute a message authentication code based on a hidden secret and public data. The originator is ...