A version of thie article appeared in the February 2012 issue of Test & Measurement World. See the PDF. Many industrial systems use the 4–20-mA loop to transmit measurements from sensors to displays, ...

This file type includes high resolution graphics and schematics when applicable. Laboratory data often appears as Gaussian curves, and today's laboratory data-acquisition software is designed to ...

The MCP120 is a microcontroller voltage supervisory circuit with open drain output. This voltage supervisory device is designed to hold a microcontroller in reset until the supply voltage has reached ...

Unijunction transistors (UJTs) were common circuit elements several decades ago. A simple ramp generator could be built from a single UJT and a few other components (Fig. 1). 1. In a simple UJT-based ...

The first program anyone writes for a microcontroller is the blinking LED which involves toggling a general-purpose input/output (GPIO) on and off. Consequently, the same GPIO can be used to read ...

[manuka], aka [Stan Swan] is a teacher in New Zealand who enjoys enlightening his students on the wonders of electrical circuits. He primarily uses “snap connector” circuit kits, sold under the ...